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BCS AIF Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION 24
Professor David Chalmers described consciousness as having two questions. What were these?
- A. What is the sub conscious and what is the conscious?
- B. Are only humans conscious and are machines always unconscious?
- C. Can we integrate our knowledge to form consciousness and can we simulate consciousness?
- D. An easy one and a hard one.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 25
Reflex and Model-based Reflex are two types of what?
- A. Algorithms.
- B. Artificial intelligent agents.
- C. Robot
- D. Compilers.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 26
What term do computer scientists and economists use to describe how happy an agent is?
- A. Utility.
- B. Warm.
- C. Return
- D. Index.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
https://griffinshare.fontbonne.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1008&context=ijds
NEW QUESTION 27
An intelligent robot uses Al to do what?
- A. Plan, act and speak.
- B. Sense, plan and move.
- C. Perceive, plan and act.
- D. Sense, plan and act
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 28
With a large dataset, limited computational resources or frequent new data to learn from, we can adopt what
type of machine learning?
- A. Big Data learning.
- B. Online learning.
- C. Batch learning.
- D. Patchwork learning.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 29
How could machine learning make a robot autonomous?
- A. Use OCR, optical character recognition, to read documents
- B. Use NLP (Natural Language Processing) to listen
- C. Learn from sensor data and plan to carry out a task.
- D. Use actuators to modify its environment
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.10813
NEW QUESTION 30
If Al undertakes routine and monotonous tasks and takes these away from humans, what will humans do?
- A. Leisure activities
- B. Sabotage the Al.
- C. Higher value work.
- D. Change jobs.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 31
The EU's Ethical Guidelines use what to demonstrate trustworthy Al?
- A. A human-centric value system.
- B. Customer feedback.
- C. UN's sustainability goals.
- D. A quality assurance plan.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 32
Which of the following is an example of fitting a curve to a set of data?
- A. Python.
- B. Backward propagation.
- C. Least squares regression.
- D. Bayesian network.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 33
Collaboration, learning and iterative are terms used to describe what?
- A. Waterfall projects.
- B. Rapid software development.
- C. Agile projects
- D. Trustworthy Al.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 34
What does TRL stand for?
- A. Transform Reinforced Learning
- B. Technical Robotic Level.
- C. Technology Readiness Level.
- D. Transport Ready Level.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Technology Readiness Level (TRL) Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) are a method of estimating the
technology maturity of Critical Technology Elements (CTE) of a program during the acquisition process.
https://acqnotes.com/acqnote/tasks/technology-readiness-level#:~:text=Technology%20Development-,Technolog
NEW QUESTION 35
From the Ell's ethics guidelines for Al, what does 'The Principle of Autonomy,' mean?
- A. Al agents will behave as humans.
- B. Al systems will be human-centric
- C. Al systems will preserve human agency.
- D. Robots will have freewill.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 36
What is an intelligent robot?
- A. A robot that uses Al techniques.
- B. A robot that acts like a human.
- C. A robot that has consciousness
- D. A robot that takes the place of a human.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 37
What technique can be adopted when a weak learners hypothesis accuracy is only slightly better than 50%?
- A. Iteration.
- B. Activation.
- C. Over-fitting
- D. Boosting.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Weak Learner: Colloquially, a model that performs slightly better than a naive model.
More formally, the notion has been generalized to multi-class classification and has a different meaning beyond better than 50 percent accuracy.
For binary classification, it is well known that the exact requirement for weak learners is to be better than random guess. [...] Notice that requiring base learners to be better than random guess is too weak for multi-class problems, yet requiring better than 50% accuracy is too stringent.
- Page 46, Ensemble Methods, 2012.
It is based on formal computational learning theory that proposes a class of learning methods that possess weakly learnability, meaning that they perform better than random guessing. Weak learnability is proposed as a simplification of the more desirable strong learnability, where a learnable achieved arbitrary good classification accuracy.
A weaker model of learnability, called weak learnability, drops the requirement that the learner be able to achieve arbitrarily high accuracy; a weak learning algorithm needs only output an hypothesis that performs slightly better (by an inverse polynomial) than random guessing.
- The Strength of Weak Learnability, 1990.
It is a useful concept as it is often used to describe the capabilities of contributing members of ensemble learning algorithms. For example, sometimes members of a bootstrap aggregation are referred to as weak learners as opposed to strong, at least in the colloquial meaning of the term.
More specifically, weak learners are the basis for the boosting class of ensemble learning algorithms.
The term boosting refers to a family of algorithms that are able to convert weak learners to strong learners.
https://machinelearningmastery.com/strong-learners-vs-weak-learners-for-ensemble-learning/
NEW QUESTION 38
An agent based model is asimul-ationof autonomous agents (individual and collective). What can be used to
learn from the data generated by thesimul-ations?
- A. Machine Learning.
- B. Paraview.
- C. Python.
- D. A spreadsheet
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.082080899
NEW QUESTION 39
In the 1800's the development of statistics led to___________theorem and is used in probabilistic inference. (Select the missing word.)
- A. Bayes'
- B. Kolmogorov's
- C. The central limit
- D. Boltzmann's
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 40
What is one of the MAIN contributions of Al to the rapid development of The Fourth Industrial Revolution?
- A. Al personal assistants.
- B. Automation
- C. Big Data
- D. Enhanced design.
Answer: C
Explanation:
https://research.com/careers/what-is-the-fourth-industrial-revolution
NEW QUESTION 41
What technique can be adopted when a weak learners hypothesis accuracy is only slightly better than 50%?
- A. Iteration.
- B. Activation.
- C. Over-fitting
- D. Boosting.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
* Weak Learner: Colloquially, a model that performs slightly better than a naive model.
More formally, the notion has been generalized to multi-class classification and has a different meaning
beyond better than 50 percent accuracy.
For binary classification, it is well known that the exact requirement for weak learners is to be better than
random guess. [...] Notice that requiring base learners to be better than random guess is too weak for
multi-class problems, yet requiring better than 50% accuracy is too stringent.
- Page 46, Ensemble Methods, 2012.
It is based on formal computational learning theory that proposes a class of learning methods that possess
weakly learnability, meaning that they perform better than random guessing. Weak learnability is proposed as
a simplification of the more desirable strong learnability, where a learnable achieved arbitrary good
classification accuracy.
A weaker model of learnability, called weak learnability, drops the requirement that the learner be able to
achieve arbitrarily high accuracy; a weak learning algorithm needs only output an hypothesis that performs
slightly better (by an inverse polynomial) than random guessing.
- The Strength of Weak Learnability, 1990.
It is a useful concept as it is often used to describe the capabilities of contributing members of ensemble
learning algorithms. For example, sometimes members of a bootstrap aggregation are referred to as weak
learners as opposed to strong, at least in the colloquial meaning of the term.
More specifically, weak learners are the basis for the boosting class of ensemble learning algorithms.
The term boosting refers to a family of algorithms that are able to convert weak learners to strong learners.
https://machinelearningmastery.com/strong-learners-vs-weak-learners-for-ensemble-learning/
NEW QUESTION 42
Which factor of a Waterfall' approach is most likely to result in the failed delivery of an Al project?
- A. Takes longer to complete the design phase of the project.
- B. Takes longer to deliver all functional requirements.
- C. Discourages revisiting and revising any prior phase once it is complete.
- D. Discourages collaboration and cross boundary communication.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 43
Sustainability focuses on which three core areas?
- A. Social, Entrepreneurial and Environmental.
- B. Social, Economic and Environmental.
- C. Social, Economic and Entrepreneurial.
- D. Scientific, Environmental and Economic.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The term sustainability is broadly used to indicate programs, initiatives and actions aimed at the preservation of a particular resource. However, it actually refers to four distinct areas: human, social, economic and environmental - known as the four pillars of sustainability.
https://www.futurelearn.com/info/courses/sustainable-business/0/steps/78337#:~:text=However%2C%20it%20actually%20refers%20to,the%20four%20pillars%20of%20sustainability.&text=Human%20sustainability%20aims%20to%20maintain%20and%20improve%20the%20human%20capital%20in%20society.
NEW QUESTION 44
Healthcare can benefit from Al, and in particular Machine Learning, an example of which is?
- A. Diagnostic image analysis
- B. Automated blood sampling.
- C. Autonomous wheelchairs.
- D. Autonomous vehicles.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 45
What are monotonous and repetitive tasks, that require accuracy BEST suited to?
- A. Machine.
- B. Human.
- C. Artificial General Intelligence.
- D. Human plus machine.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 46
Para View allows large data sets to be visualised on a parallel computer.
Which of the following is one of the techniques used?
- A. Contour plot
- B. Norm calculation.
- C. Eigen function analysis.
- D. Dashboard.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 47
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